History of Argentina

The origins of Peronism.
Save Your people and bless thine inheritance....
January 15, 1944. The city of San Juan was a terrible earthquake. Minister of Labour and Social Security, Colonel Peron refers to actors, writers and artists of Argentina with a request to come to the festival: 'All charges from festival to go to our brothers and sisters in San Juan! . At this festival January 19 the first time they met - Colonel Perón and Eva Duarte - actress and announcer at the radio station ' Belgrano '. Two days later, Peron came to the studio, and first appeared in the newspaper photo, where Juan and Evita were removed together.

Elsewhere in South America, a huge part of the population were people living in extreme poverty, illiterate, not engaged in productive work and actually lived outside the state. Many states are not simply an oligarchy ruled, it is owned by them. In the sense that the land all that it grew and was, it belonged to the depths of no more than 10 % of the richest. But the point is not about fair or unfair distribution of national wealth. The whole system of production was highly inefficient.

With an abundance of workers, their cheapness was not necessary to invest these funds in the modernization. And would not let poor people to develop industry. Landless peasants rushed into the city, but for them there was no work, no housing. The slow development of the industry inhibited the growth of the middle class, while industrial development has been slow due to lack of interest of the ruling class, which provided a high standard of living due to the export of raw materials and imports of essential goods.

Argentina was typical and atypical South American country. Typical in the sense that the reins of power there for decades were held in the hands of appointees '200 families ' - former peasants who owned millions of cattle and boundless pastures and speakers at the Conservative Political wrap. Atypical, because it had a chance to repeat the path of the U.S.. Mass immigration from Europe has allowed to develop successfully enormous steppe areas of Patagonia. There was a steady increase in population has grown steadily agriculture, expanding the rail network, and with the introduction of refrigeration Argentina before the First World War has become a major exporter of meat in the world market.

Between the two world wars, the Argentine economy grew in the same way as the Canadian or Australian. The rise observed in all spheres, moved to the present prosperity during the Second World War wages on par with western Europe, and the accumulated financial reserves amounted to a huge sum for that time of $ 1.5 billion. But it was just a showcase of. And break it was very easy. Evidence of this great crisis of 1929, who inflicted a terrible blow to all export-oriented economies of South American. Was no exception, and Argentina.

In 1916, when it was introduced universal suffrage, the power of the oligarchy, speaking under the brand of conservatives shaken. 14 years of Argentina's right-wing radicals, who promised democratic reforms. It was a rematch of cities in relation to the aristocracy, herders. But it settled in the Casa Rosado leader radicals Ippolito Yrigoyen, who promised to rule in a new, fast felt a thrill of power. His secretaries demanded thousands of pesos for the organization of meetings with the President, and the elderly, Don Ippolito, received popularly nicknamed Mole, declared one philosophy: ... As a result, the Radical Party has become the ' employment agencies ', encouraging the pursuit of universal portfolios - privileges which hitherto belonged to the undivided land owners.

While these political troubles are not related to Juan Domingo Peron, who was born on September 8, 1895 in the small village of Lobos. His ancestors were Italians, the mother of Indian woman, and he - illegitimate, something common in Catholic Argentina, where he was denied a divorce. Beautiful, handsome young man chose a military career, which developed a very successful. In 1929 he married Aurelia Tizón ( she died 10 years later from cancer of the kidneys ), however, all his life he will be a favorite of women and especially girls. In September 1930 came the first political experience. Captain Peron took part in the coup, organized by General Jose Uriburu. Against the backdrop of the Great Crisis, hit hard by the export-oriented economy of Argentina, the military put an end to the power of radicals and conservatives returned to its.

At this time, Maria Eva Duarte was the 12th year. She was born May 7, 1919 in the small village of Los Toldos, and was the illegitimate daughter Juana and Juan Duarte Ibarguren. Eva 's father died in 1924, but the family soon moved to the city of Junín. But Eva attracted Buenos Aires. She arrived there in January 1935 and became the first theater, and then a movie star. Later they will write that Evita began as a prostitute. But with men at that time were the only way to break into the girl's life for illegitimate. And it is effective to use it, the more so as an actress she has gained great fame while playing in the theater and starred in a movie starring. The success brought her to the radio. She has participated in radio shows, playing the great women of the past, but the whole Argentina became known as the presenter of the program for the poor.

Between 1930 and 1943 entered the Argentine history as ' a shameful decade '. Conservative oligarchy established in the country 's authoritarian regime, though covered with a sheath of constitutional. At the same time, the total country's dependence on foreign, especially British, capital strengthened the nationalist sentiment, especially in the army. Brought up in the Prussian military traditions Argentine officers (like all nationalists of the time) more and more focused on Nazi Germany.

Was no exception, and Peron. It is believed that he was the first contact with the German secret services in Chile, which until 1938 was a military attache. In February 1939 Colonel Peron went to Europe. Until May 1940 he underwent training in the Alpine units of Italian army, then traveled to Germany. Here in Europe, he oversaw the military successes of Hitler. Peron has attracted the most rigid order, which lacked Argentina. He studied social policy with interest of Italian fascists. In particular, he was struck by Mussolini - a brilliant orator, who could charm his audience.

After returning to Argentina, Perón met and became friends with his new commander - General Edelmiro Farrell, who drew colonel in the SEI (' Grupo organisador and unifikador '), a secret organization that prepared the coup. Preparation for it accelerated as the Senate committee was chosen closer to the disclosure of secret Argentine military ties with Germany.

June 4, 1943 ( exactly three years Peron takes office the president ), the army put an end to the power of the oligarchy. But among the winners was no unity. In World War II, the new president, General Pedro Ramirez was leaning towards an alliance with the United States and Britain, which are rigidly required to sever ties with Germany. When, in October, the corresponding note was published, the crisis erupted, and the influence of pro-German groups has increased. Colonel Peron led the specially created for him the Secretariat of Labor and Social Welfare. In February 1944, Ramirez was dismissed, and the palace became the Casa Rosado Farrell. Peron was soon appointed Minister of War and Vice President.

Peron began to pursue a new social policy for workers. Emphasis on the connection he made with the unions. The General Confederation of Labour (WCL) and the workers, who first gave hope, support the exchange rate Peron. Gradually began to form his doctrine, which he later called himself ' hustisializmom ' (' justice ' or ' spravedlivizm '). His goal was to build a society of social justice in cooperation classes under the control of a strong, independent from external influences supra-class state. Popularity grew, and by Peron Evita, which actively promoted its policy on the radio.

With the end of the war the military rushed to get rid of the Peron. They have long angered his alliance with descamisados ​​- shirtless people (the so- called poor in Argentina ), but especially their irritating effect of Evita. Excuse to get rid of both presented in early October. The commander of the garrison, General Avalos asked to supply a designated shift Evita Director of Posts and Telecommunications Oscar Nicolini (if he becomes president Perrone Minister). Peron did not obey. He left all the posts and with Evita escaped from the soldiers surrounded the house of the villa of his friend and employer on the island at the mouth of the River Tigris. Even there he was caught and arrested October 9, 1945, by sending to prison on the island of Martin Garcia.

Peronism in Action.

He will bring peace to his people and his favorite.

August 22, 1951. At night the area of ​​hundreds of thousands of people coming from all over Argentina. Buenos Aires was drowned in the symbolism of the Peronist. Radio celebrates Juan and Evita Peron. On the stage lights illuminated the president appears. And after some time passes slowly through the crowd open car. It is worth it. Evita delivers a fiery speech, heaping curses on the oligarchs and the rich. People are asked to stay on Peron's second term, and it - to become vice-president. She disagrees and asks to give her time to think. People do not want to hear. Finally, she concedes.

The war has enriched Argentina. War-torn Europe in need of Argentine grain and meat. Strengthened national industry. All workers were union members, in each sector collective bargaining has been a national system of social security, paid vacations, frozen rents and rates, real wages grew by 70% in the absence of unemployment. Was developed by a 5-year economic development plan. The state built the company, highways.

At a stroke, was created by the welfare state - the cost of these goals have grown for five years from 19.5 to 29.5 percent of GDP. The workers are given 13 salaries per year of service, paid vacations, universal pensions, child labor is banned, open house holiday. By initsitaive Evita in 1948 passed a law on the rights of older people, which guaranteed them state help. Finally, Evita had made a law, which guaranteed the political rights of women.

Trade union representatives were included in the government and the National Congress. The number of VCT rose from 350,000 to 3 million people. But the strike was declared illegal. Only the state had to be the arbiter in all labor disputes. Any trade union, signing an agreement with the employer had to obtain the consent of the government, and the right to sign such an agreement was given to only one trade union. If a union was not part of the CGT, the government simply denied him in favor of.

At the same time was a large-scale nationalization of property owned by foreign capital, and created the public sector, which included oil and gas industry, marine and river merchant fleet, railroads, telephone network, water supply, power. Proclaimed a policy of industrialization. The share of public sector eventually reaches 18%.

As soon as possible Peron has fulfilled all his promise to those who brought him to power. But things might be otherwise.

After the arrest of Peron was ready to abandon further combat, if not for Evita. Back in Buenos Aires, she went to the factories and workers' quarters, turned to the union leaders. The workers perceived Peron 's arrest as a blow to their hopes. And October 17, 1945 Buenos Aires was under siege. 200 thousand people chanted in front of the Casa Rosado: ' Peron! . Eva turned to the audience: ' You descamisados ​​, an army of Peron! . President Farrell ordered bring Peron 's palace. And so it appears on the balcony between Farrell and Avalos. Farrell hugs and kisses Peron. The crowd cheers. Peron removes his jacket and rolls up his civilian shirt sleeves - a revolutionary gesture, since the suit was a symbol of social status. Now he, along with descamisados. Thus was born a Peronist movement. Later that day, was declared a national holiday - the Day of loyalty.

Juan and Evita were married five days after the event. But the wedding ceremony was held on 10 December, before the start of the campaign. Officially Laboristskaya (Labour ) party, specially created by trade unions, nominated Perón for the presidency January 15, 1946. Against Peron united all the old parties: conservatives, radicals, socialists and communists. The American ambassador Spryuill Braden published ' blue book ', revealing military ties with Germany. Peron said the slogan: ' Braden or Peron '. Since all Argentines - the nationalists, the demarche of Americans vote for Peron turned into an act of patriotism. In the elections of February 24, 1946, he received 55% of the votes ( or 1.5 million), compared to 45 % for his opponent Tamborine. In the future, underline anti-Americanism will be the basis of foreign policy Peron.

Juan and Eva are located in the 126- room Casa Rosado ty. The president has chosen to operate the former dining room. Large windows overlook the wide streets and park. Desk is in the depths of a huge room, so that the visitor had a long walk on the parquet floor to a shine grated to achieve it. It was also at Mussolini. On his desk stands a bust of San Martin, Liberator of Argentina, always sunlit.

But Argentina, contrary to popular belief, is not ruled by two. Power belonged solely to President Peron. But Evita did was not just a president's wife. She was the ' queen of descamisados ​​'. Under its control were the Ministry of Labour and the CGT, and - ' Eva Peron Foundation '. He has focused enormous resources on their way to help poor. Evita's rule was to give more of what she was asked. The workers and the poor idolized her. Even the style of dress - and she never appeared in the same closet, wore shoes made ​​of crocodile skin and a lot of jewelry - was perceived by them as they shared with Evita, answer - rich blood-suckers who despised Evita.

The flip side of his Peronist regime was authoritarian. Freedom of the press was abolished, the opposition was subjected to police harassment. With the opposition, although the opposition was not forbidden, does not stand on ceremony. At the top of the power pyramid was Peron - Supreme Leader of the Party and State. Instrument of his power was established in 1947 instead of the dissolved Laboristskoy - Peronist party, which included also the CGT. In parallel, was created and Peronist Women's Party, headed by Evita. The unions, having a huge right, at the same time, were put under state control.

But the very first law passed by Congress in 1946, was on the other. It was forbidden to criticize the president, all of its employees, the government. Criticism - this is treason and betrayal of hard labor or execution relies. Peron took something from Lenin, is something of Mussolini, Hitler is something, something of Franco or Stalin. He was charming, delicious smoked cigars, dressed in elegant suits, he had a wonderful deep voice of the speaker, the gift of the ideological rhetoric. His ' hustisializm ', its ' fairness ' - this is a special way to Argentina, and the great capitalist and the communist.

Argentines are very valued freedom of speech. At the press and even more so on the very popular in those days the theater did not dare to encroach no government. Peron has encroached. Theaters, who set satirical play on the topic of the day and clearly advised ' to stop this disgrace '. With newspapers and radio came in a different way. Persuasion and threats to newspapers and radio stations were forced to sell Peron.... As a result, he became the owner of a major media syndicate, which included, and only appeared in Argentina, with the filing of the same channels Evita.

In March 1949 it adopted a new constitution, designed in the spirit of ' hustisializma '. Declared the right of workers to labor, health, social welfare, ' fair distribution ' to protect their professional interests. The Constitution proclaimed democratic freedoms granted voting rights to women, was allowed to divorce - a real revolution for the country's Catholic. But at the same time extremely expanded presidential powers. He earned the right to unlimited re-election (former president could not just run for another term ), would repeal the constitutional guarantees of rights and liberties, ban all parties and organizations.

However, in a coherent concept iedeologicheskuyu Peronism was not formed. That was not necessary. As a politician, Peron has always been a man of action rather than a theorist. ' For me, the action always means more than its theoretical justification ', - he told associates. Nevertheless, he was well aware of the importance of ideology and, therefore, his speech contained some general ideas that have been collected in the book ' Peronist Doctrine ' and the philosophical congress in 1949, Peron was first given the name of his teachings - ' hustisializm '.

Welfare ' hustisialistskogo ' state was based on favorable economic conditions. The situation changed in 1949. Exception of Argentina's ' Marshall Plan ' has replaced it with the European markets. The crisis in agriculture - the main export sector - led to a shortage of foreign currency. As a consequence - imports fell. Inflation rose sharply. If in 1946 Peron complained that because of the gold bars can be difficult to pass along the corridors of the Central Bank, then after three years of this institution could walk freely. Again, there was unemployment. The workers responded by strikes. But the popularity of the regime was still high. And Evita decided to crown his work as vice president.

But here the military stood on its hind legs. Peron bought their loyalty, spending on the military 40% of the budget, but the generals would not hear about that ' the whore ' could ever be their commander in chief. And Evita lost. August 31, 1951 she announced that she refuses to nominate. She had no strength to fight. Rapidly progressing disease was. Cancer is found in her back in January 1950, but she refused to have surgery, but before that the same operation done to her mother, and she lived until 1971. Yet Evita Peron lived to triumph, because it was the first of its triumph. In the elections of November 11, 1951, he received 64% of votes. A June 4, 1952, the date of entry into Peron's presidency for a second term, she was next to him - it was Evita's last appearance in public.

' Spiritual voditelnitsa nation ', a title that has been honored by Congress on the day of her 33 th birthday, died July 26, 1952. To say that gripped Argentina in mourning - to say nothing. The country was crying. August 9 funeral procession passed from the Ministry of Labor to the Congress building. Carriage with the coffin pulled 30 workers in white shirts, walked behind the coffin of Peron, his mother, brother and sister Evita and another 2000 people. August 10, another procession brought her body to the headquarters of the CGT, where it remained, and the miracle of embalming made ​​him incorruptible.

However, many of those who saw this grand ceremony, they could not escape the thought that goes along with Evita and the Peronist regime. He lost his rod and the driving force. Armed with clubs Peronist militants smashed all the discontented. But at the head of the opposition now faced the Catholic Church, which had previously belonged to the favorable peronistkomu regime, but was outraged instilled official cult of Evita. In turn, Peron fell to the Catholic Church.

June 16, 1955 rebel navy and air force. Aircraft bombed the Casa Rosado and workers gathered at the palace. There were hundreds of dead. But the land army mutiny is not supported, and the agony of the regime tightened. The workers were ready with arms to defend their president, but he decided not to equip their. Finally, September 16, 1955 rebel troops stationed in Cordoba - Argentina center of Catholicism. Again, the fleet has risen. Fierce fighting in Buenos Aires continued for several days. Hundreds of people died defending the hope that they have selected. But Peron did not resist, even though the Army as a whole remained faithful to him. He then explained that he did not want civil war in Spain. September 20, Ambassador of Paraguay brought Peron to the repaired Paraguayan gunboat in the port. September 23 fights between the Peronists and the army stopped. September 25 Peron flew by seaplane to Paraguay.

Peron - Argentina's hopes.

All they expect you to give them their food....

July 4, 1974. Argentina buries president Peron, who died three days ago. Buenos Aires announce the mournful cries of delight, 'We feel it... Evita here! '. And it really is. Near the tomb is a woman - is the new president Isabel Peron. In fact, her name is Maria Estela Martinez. She '43. She is the daughter of a banker, a music teacher and dancer, who in his years of exile, General Secretary, and later his wife. He met her in Panama, where he lived in exile, and her corpse was on tour. Isabel - her stage name. Outwardly, nothing to do with Evita, only hair. There are no charming smile, no energy. But Peron Isabelitu made ​​up to give new life to the legend.

For 18 years after Peron left the Casa Rosado, eight presidents, five of whom were generals, occupied the palace. But none was able to bring a grain of happiness, or at least stability of the country. There was even the appearance of prosperity. They saw their task was to erase the memory of the people and Peron, Evita, and. Was otemnena peronistkaya constitution in 1949, guaranteed social rights.

Immediately after the new military authorities organized several exhibitions of wealth Evita Peron, and where even put panties president. Came to discover the magic picture. In Evita's boudoir stood chests, sprinkled with precious stones, there were paintings and sculptures. Golden Nightingale replaced the bell at the same golden telephone. On a large map of the world from the dark gold line of precious stones signified the continents, and large stones - the capital. According to experts, Evita assumed the approximately 100 million, which were placed in secret accounts in Switzerland. Their bills and had Peron, his considerable income and gave bribes from businessmen to import and export licenses.

However, much success this event had no ostensible. Most of the exposed values ​​were official gifts and Evita they never used. Values ​​of Evita after her death were put into the inventory of ' Eva Peron Foundation ', but after the show inventory disappeared without a trace. Evita bequeathed all his money to help the poor, and the military authorities, in violation of all laws and confiscated their property, and Peron in the state.

But all the authorities' efforts were in vain. Peronist movement has lived in his new people poured into. In Hustisialistskoy Party, which has replaced the banned Peronist, has increased the left wing. Peronists controlled the CGT. In elections to the Constituent Assembly in 1957, 24% of voters cast blank ballots in the ballot box, as Peronists did not allow for elections. In March 1962, Peronist candidates (they are, however, pushed himself against the will of Peron, who believed that their participation in elections would provoke war ) won the congressional elections in several provinces, including the largest - Buenos Aires. As expected Peron, the military demanded that the president -radical Arturo Frondizi, with whom Peron concluded a secret pact of cooperation, to cancel the results of. He at first refused, then agreed, but still was overthrown.

Peron himself, as he put it later, ' toured ': dictator Stroessner, Paraguay, Panama, Venezuela dictator Perez Jimenez, from which had to leave after his overthrow, the Dominican Republic dictator Trujillo, Spain finally Franco. In December 1964, decided to return Peron. In preparation for this event, the CGT launched a campaign of strikes under the banner of the return of their leader. But the plane, which flew Peron in Argentina, at the request of the Argentine government was arrested in Brazil and sent back to Madrid.

Especially the authorities were afraid of the incorruptible body of Evita. During the Revolution it was stolen from the headquarters of the CGT. The sarcophagus secretly held in prison on the island of Martin Garcia, and then he was transferred to Italy. Told Evita's mother already mentioned President Frondizi, but no details about which he probably did not know. The operation involved the concealment of the body, General Pedro Aramburu himself, who served as president from 1955 to 1958. In 1970 he was kidnapped from a young radical Peronist organizations ' Montoneros ', demanding an answer to the question: where the body? .

But a year later a lawyer, asked the reception to President Alejandro Lanusse, the next general at the Casa Rosado. A lawyer in a year after the death of Aramburu opened it and found paper documents related to Evita's body. In September 1971 visit to Argentina's Peron 's ambassador to Spain and gave him the coffin with the body of Evita, found in Italy. This symbolic gesture Lanusse as it signaled an already decrepit Peron: Argentine once again willing to entrust him to his fate.

Peron returned in November 1972. In these days of airport ' Ezeiza ', which is far from settled Peron - he was forbidden to travel to Buenos Aires, surrounded by troops and besieged by people who came from all over the country. There was a lot of young people, for which he and Evita has become a legend. And now they have seen this legend in reality. Peron accompanied Isabelita - a living embodiment of Evita, she even changed the appearance closer to the original. By endorsing the creation of Hustisialistskogo Liberation Front, Peron flew back to Spain, and the candidate Hector Campora front under the slogan ' Campora to the government, Peron to power ' to easily win the presidency in March 1973.

Peronists were again in power, but has not yet Peron. June 20, 1973 Campora personally brought it from Spain, July 13, resigned after spending 49 days in office. Early elections held on September 23, finally resulted in the Casa Rosado Peron and Isabelitu - for vice president. The operation was carried out almost lightning speed. The fact that Perón and a traditional Peronist left-wing bogeyman effect of motion on Campora.

' The victory of hope over experience ' - so many of the estimated second coming of Peron. But in this hope believed 62% of voters. Peron tried to revive its social policy. Salary workers was increased by 15%, introduced price controls, priority was given to the public sector. But the main problem for the leader lurked in his own movement. More June 20 conflict between right and left turned into a gunfight Peronist right during a meeting at the airport in Peron. The festivities did not work, and Peron, even refused to speak. As president, he sought to rein in the left, and the May Day rally in 1974 openly broke with them. This day proved fatal. Peron had a cold, sick with bronchitis, and his heart could not stand.

In '33 Evita could become vice-president, but she fell, the battle on the rise. Isabelita achieved more, but only because it was the wife of Peron, and also because by choosing Peron, people saw their resurrected Evita Isabella and chose her. The president Maria Estela Martinez de Peron took the final step: November 17, 1974 she returned from Spain, Evita's coffin with the body, which is finally buried.

full circle. But the country is rapidly sinking into chaos. Where Evita was enough to say a word, numb with horror Isabelita. Economic problems - it was mid- 70s, the hardest time for the world economy ( and Argentina is no exception ) - multiplied by the wave of political terror. Gone underground leftist Peronist youth organization of the ' Montoneros ', met in a street war with the forces of right, the organized private secretary to President Lopez Regoy. And again, the arena went out military. March 24, 1976, they seemed to have finished almost evaporated hope.

Heirs of Peron.

Ascribe to the Lord... the glory of His name....

But Evita and Peronism and the Argentine have left the soul: it hovers over the hundreds of thousands of people poured her face, fantastic colors. This is a laser show was the culmination of the election campaign of President Carlos Menem, who fought for reelection in 1995. He won. While Peronist Menem Peronist doctrine literally flipped: instead of the liberal economy of the welfare state, privatization, instead of a strong public sector, in close alliance with the U.S. instead of fighting against imperialism.

Consecrated Evita Menem decade has created an economic miracle. But the miracle was completed in 2001 financial catastrophe and political earthquake, literally the unfortunate quote radical president Fernando de la Rua. Save the country again took Peronist. Paradoxically, since Menem smashed into several streams, they are not weakened, as it were, pushed the other party. And in 2003 ran for president three Peronists, two - Menem and Nestor Kirchner - went into the second round. Menem and Kirchner lost to become president, even without a vote. He returned to the fundamental ideas of Peronism.

Results of four -year presidency, Kirchner looks very successfully. The economy has evolved from the ' cruising ' speed. For example, in 2003 Argentina's GDP growth was 8.8 %, 2004 - 9.0% 2005 - 9.2% 2006 - 8.5%. In just four years the GDP has increased by 53 %, while industrial production grew by 56%. This economic breakthrough in the country recorded since 1919. As a result of reduced external debt, increased foreign exchange reserves and the budget is the first time in many years, with a stable surplus. By the way, the collection of taxes for the same period has tripled.

Kirchner's government has rejected the neoliberal model, which is implanted in the active ' Menem decade ... Kirchner also abandoned the policy ... Now authorities are trying to fulfill his campaign promises. As a result, the popularity of Kirchner kept stable at 70%.

Economic growth has also pursue an active social policy. It was created over 3 million new jobs, and unemployment fell from 24% in 2002 to 10% in 2006. At 50%, increased real wages, averaging $ 260, and in some industries, $ 600. The number of Argentines living below the poverty line declined from 54.7% to 31.4 %. And so on.

Oromnaya popular Kirchner gave a good chance to win re- election in 2007. But he went on an unusual move - suggested that a presidential candidate from the ruling Front wins his wife - Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner.

In the elections of October 28, 2007 Cristina Kirchner won, receiving more than 45 % of the votes. Officially, she took office in the Casa Rosado December 10.

Christine was born on February 19, 1953 in La Plata, which is located 60 kilometers east of the capital - Buenos Aires is the capital of the province of Buenos Aires. More precisely, if it was a city Eva Peron. After the death of his nazvalii Evita in her honor, and after the fall of Peron - returned the historic name. During the election campaign of Cristina again and again used the image of Evita, acting as a continuer of its affairs.

Her future husband met Christine, a student first-year psychology department. Nestor Kinshner at that time was an active participant in the revolutionary left-radical Peronist movement at the Law Faculty of the University of La Plata, where he studied. The groom quickly attaches it to the political activities, and on his recommendation, it is transferred to the Faculty of Law.

During the presidential campaign in 2003 Christine has played a leading role, in fact, coordinating all outreach activities. Confidence in the victory almost did not have any. In the first round Kirchner won just over 22% of votes. But the victory brought Kirchner refused to participate in the second round of elections, Menem.

Close to the couple Kirchners people say that the most important political decisions the country's president must discuss with his wife. Christine was a circle of his closest associates of President, including the head of the administration of President Carlos Zannini and the head of the Cabinet, Alberto Fernandez, with the participation of governmental decisions which are taken. Already as president Christine said that her chief adviser to her husband - Nestor Kirchner.




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